فقہی اِختلافات میں اَسلاف کی وُسعتِ نظری(اِتحادِ اُمت کے لیے مثبت پہلوؤں کا تاریخی اور عصری جائزہ)

Abstract

Difference of opinion is a natural and divinely intended aspect of human existence, as supported by the Qur’an and Sunna. While disagreements are unavoidable, the article argues that they should not result in division or conflict within the Muslim community. Instead, scholars and followers should embrace principles of mutual respect, tolerance, and prioritize unity over minor legal disputes. Early Islamic predecessors, who, despite their differences of opinions, upheld a sense of brotherhood and mutual respect. This article provides examples from the lives of renowned Imams such as Abu Hanifa, Malik, Shafi‘i, and Ahmad b. Hanbal, who valued each other’s perspectives and refrained from imposing their views on others. Additionally, the article explores the principles of ease and facilitation (tawassu‘) in Islamic jurisprudence, rooted in the Qur’an and Sunna. It highlights that the primary aim of Islamic law is to alleviate hardship and provide ease for people, as illustrated by the adaptability of early jurists in issuing rulings. The article also warns against the dangers of takfir (labeling someone as a non-believer) and underscores the need for careful consideration in matters of faith, as hasty judgments can have serious repercussions. In summary, the article advocates for a revival of the tolerance and mutual respect that defined the early Muslim community. It encourages contemporary scholars and Muslims to focus on shared values rather than differences, to reject sectarianism, and to foster unity and understanding within the Umma. The article promotes a balanced approach to jurisprudential differences, grounded in the Qur’an and Sunna, and emphasizes the broader goals of Islamic law, which include justice, compassion, and the welfare of humanity.